Original Research Article
Infection Status and Risk Factors Associated with Schistosomiasis among Pregnant Women in Jos, Nigeria
Ocheme Julius Okojokwu, Rashida Adam Muhammad, Innocent Ajegba Onaji, Nanman Ladul Mwankat, Francis Ukah Ofuowoicho, Inemesit Dankat Bigwan, Rukaiyat Adamu, Mitu Cecilia Gideon, Bashiru Shafa Abubakar
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i06.001 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(6) | 62-68 |
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Schistosomiasis is one of the most predominant neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) caused by systemic helminthes, Schistosoma sp. S. haematobium and S. mansoni are the main species that causes infection in the Sub-Saharan Africa causing urogenital schistosomiasis and intestinal schistosomiasis respectively. Schistosoma infection during pregnancy has been linked with low birth weight, still birth, maternal mortality and other adverse effects. The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Plateau Specialist Hospital in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State. This study was carried out with a total of 200 samples collected from pregnant women who consented to participate in the study. The urine samples were collected from the consenting pregnant women and screened using POC-CCA urine cassette. Information on socio-demographic and risk factors were collected via structured questionnaire and analysed statistically. Out of the 200 women tested for Schistosoma circulating cathodic antigen, 138 were positive representing 69% (138/200) prevalence of schistosomiasis. None of the demographics nor the risk factors studied in the current research was found to be statistically associated (χ2 > 0.05) with schistosomiasis. Schistosoma infection is prevalent in Jos with 69.0% prevalence among women attending antenatal clinic in Plateau State Specialist Hospital with younger pregnant women (≤ 25 years) having a preponderance of the disease burden than the older women. Routine screening for schistosomiasis for all women attending antenatal care and appropriate treatment should be given. Education and awareness on the mode of transmission and detrimental effect of schistosomiasis is recommended.
Original Research Article
Radiotherapy of Localized Endometrial Cancer, Experience of The Radiation Oncology Department of The Oncology-Hematology Center of The CHU Mohammed VI of Marrakesh: About 85 Cases
El Matlini A, Bouchabaka Y, Raouah M, Darfaoui M, Lalya I, El Omrani A, Khouchani M
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i05.003 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(5) | 57-61 |
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Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. It mainly concerns postmenopausal women. The objective of our work is to report the experience of the radiotherapy oncology department of the oncology-hematology hospital (HOH) of the Mohammed IV University Hospital of Marrakesh in the management of endometrial cancer. We retrospectively analyzed 85 cases of endometrial cancer treated by radiotherapy (external radiotherapy and /or brachytherapy) in our institution between 2014 and 2019. The data collected from our patients concerned the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this cancer. The median age of the patients was 58 years [37, 82], 88% were postmenopausal. The average consultation time was 08 months. The master symptom was post-menopauseal bleeding in 85% of the patients. Pathological examination showed endometrioid adenocarcinoma in 83% of cases. After workup, 51% of patients were stage I (IA 17%, IB 35%), 25% stage II, 23% stage III (IIIA 3%, IIIB 9% and IIIC 10%) and 1% stage IVA according to the classification of the International Federation of Obstetric Gynecology (FIGO). After surgery, 77% of patients received external beam radiation therapy. The dose delivered was between 46 and 50 Gray (Gy) over a mean spread of 42 days associated with concomitant chemotherapy in 16% of cases. Intravaginal brachytherapy was delivered to 98% of patients. It represented the only adjuvant treatment in 27% of cases, after external radiotherapy in 73% of cases. Adjuvant chemotherapy was received in 36% of patients. After a mean follow-up of 3 years, 82% of patients were still followed in a situation of good control of their disease, 8% of cases of local recurrence and 10% of distant metastasis.
Original Research Article
Chemotherapy Compliance and Tolerance in Elderly and Non-Elderly Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Single Institution Study
Norly Salleh, Amirah Yusof, Mohd Aizat Hamdan, Robi’ah Al-Adawiyah Sadarman, Shamsiah Mohd Noor
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i05.002 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(5) | 51-56 |
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The objectives of this retrospective, observational study are to compare the compliance and tolerance rate between elderly and non-elderly patients with colorectal cancer, and to ascertain the stage at presentation. All adult patients with diagnosis colorectal cancer who received first line chemotherapy (adjuvant or palliative) between January 2017-January 2019 were included. Data on demographic, clinic-pathological, treatment and patient outcome were collected. Toxicity data was collected as they appear. These data were then analyzed using IBM®SPSS® Statistics Version 24. Sixty-four patients were included. There were almost equal numbers of elderly and non-elderly patients. Thirty-five patients were Malay (54.7%), Chinese 26 (40.6%) and Indian 3 (4.7%). Their age ranges from 38-82 years old. Most patients received FOLFOX regimen (73.4%), followed by Mayo regimen and capecitabine (10.9% each). There was no significance difference in the type of chemotherapy and number of cycles given. The majority received combination therapy rather than single therapy. There was no difference in the terms of toxicity between the study populations. Thirty-three percent of elderly and thirty-five percent of non-elderly patients had no documented chemo-toxicity. The most common toxicity is neutropenia, followed by thrombocytopenia and anaemia. In total, 25% (16 patients) did not complete their chemotherapy for various reasons. Nine were elderly patients (56.3%). Presentation at Stage 3 and 4 accounted for 70.3% (45 patients) of the study population. Elderly colorectal cancer patients’ should be treated with equal therapeutic opportunities as their younger counterparts. Biological age should be considered when deciding treatment regime rather than chronological age.
A Review of Laser Applications in Orthodontics
Dr. Varsha Joseph, Dr. Bejoy PU, Dr. Lakshmi Lakshmanan, Dr. Minu C mathews
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i05.001 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(5) | 48-50 |
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Lasers have been widely used in most fields of dentistry for many years, and they have recently gained popularity in orthodontics. Its use has allowed orthodontists to overcome some of the difficulties associated with traditional orthodontic treatment procedures. These include direct chair side clinical orthodontic procedures, adjunctive orthodontic and laboratory procedures. This review article is about the applications of lasers in field of orthodontics.
A Review on Mandibular Buccal Shelf Miniscrew
Dr. Minu C Mathews, Dr. Bejoy PU, Dr. Lakshmi Lakshmanan, Dr. Varsha Joseph
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i04.002 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(4) | 46-47 |
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Buccal shelf area of mandible is a recent addition to temporary anchorage device proposed by John Jin-Jong Lin and Chris Chang, in 2010.Anatomically Buccal shelf is located bilaterally in the posterior part of the mandibular body, buccal to the roots of the first and second molars and anterior to the oblique line of the mandibular ramus and is a very safe site for extra radicular temporary anchorage devices because of increased cortical bone thickness and density. There is a positive association between primary stability of implant and cortical bone thickness. CBCT helps to quantify the skeletal anatomy of the buccal shelf, placement angle of the TADs, and amount of cortical bone engagement at the TAD interface.
Original Research Article
Benefits of Using of IEC Materials by ASHA During Home Visits to Disseminate Newborn Care Messages in Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Tridibesh Tripathy, Prof. Shankar Das
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i04.001 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(4) | 42-45 |
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Abstract: Background: The article is about ASHAs appreciating the use of Information Education & Communication materials related to newborn care. Further, the focus is on the ways in which the ASHAs find these materials beneficial while using the materials for dissemination of newborn care messages. Objective: The objective of the current study is to explore the crucial variables of the benefits of the use of IEC materials as per the ASHAs especially on services related to newborn care. Methods: Four districts of Uttar Pradesh were selected purposively for the study and the data collection was conducted in the respective districts with the help of a pre-tested structured interview schedule with both close-ended and open-ended questions. In-depth interviews were conducted amongst the ASHAs and a total 250 respondents had participated in the study. Results: Monthly meeting platforms at the government facilities helped the ASHAs to be skillful to use the IEC materials. About 75% of ASHAs thought that the materials helped in giving the complete message. Very few ASHAs used the materials to reply to any health-related query during home visits. Less than 25% of ASHAs thought that the materials added to the credibility of the message and helped them to explain to illiterate households. Conclusion: IEC materials help them to recollect contents & give the complete message on newborn care. They could answer queries of community, felt that the materials added credibility to the message & they could address illiterate masses.
Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer Risk Factors among Educated Youth: A Cross Sectional, e-Questionnaire Based Survey among the College Students of Jammu City
Ankita Khajuria, Sandeep Dogra, Bella Mahajan
DOI : 10.36344/ccijmb.2021.v03i03.003 | Cross Current Int J Med Biosci | 2021 | 3(3) | 36-41 |
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Abstract: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in India, and India has the largest burden of cervical cancer patients in the world. One out of every five women suffering from this disease belongs to India. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer risk factors among college going female students of Jammu University and to study about their behavior regarding prevention and screening of cervical carcinoma. A descriptive self-administered, e-questionnaire was employed for data collection. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Two hundred and fifty two female students (n = 252) between the age group 17 and 25 years participated with a response rate of 100%. Majority of students (81.7%) were aware of the term cervical cancer. However, only 68 (26.9%) thought that they could suffer from it as they had the perception that it affects married women or elderly only. Assessment of knowledge regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer revealed that only 99 (39.2%) knew that it is transmitted through sexual contact. With regard to attitude of the students towards cervical cancer, around 157 (62.3%) knew that regular screening leads to early diagnosis of the cancer. This study highlights unawareness of various aspects of cervical cancer among educated young women in Jammu city and the critical need for sustained continuing educational interventions to emphasize the importance and awareness of cervical cancer.
